Generate a nonce
count = 1
Result: A 24-character hex string (12 bytes).
AES Nonce/IV Generator
Generate unique 12-byte (96-bit) nonces for use with AES-GCM encryption. AES-GCM requires a unique nonce for each encryption with the same key - reusing a nonce completely breaks security. This tool generates nonces using the browser's CSPRNG and displays them in hex format.
Privacy: this tool processes your data entirely in your browser. Nothing you paste or type is sent to the server.
Enter your values and press Calculate — the result appears here.
Worked examples
Frequently asked questions
Why is nonce uniqueness critical?
AES-GCM's security completely breaks if you reuse a nonce with the same key. An attacker can recover the plaintext and forge messages. Never reuse a nonce - generate a fresh one for every encryption.
What nonce size does AES-GCM require?
AES-GCM requires a 96-bit (12-byte) nonce. This tool generates exactly 12 bytes. Other sizes are technically possible but reduce security and are not recommended.
Can I use a sequential nonce?
For AES-GCM, sequential nonces are acceptable IF you never encrypt more than 2^32 messages with the same key. However, random nonces are safer - they require no state management. This tool generates random nonces.
Should I store the nonce with the ciphertext?
Yes. The nonce is not secret - it can be stored alongside the ciphertext. You need it for decryption. Only the key must remain secret.
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