AES-256-GCM Decrypt
Decrypt AES-256-GCM ciphertext with authentication verification.
Open toolHashing, encryption, encoding, HMAC, and cryptographic tools.
Decrypt AES-256-GCM ciphertext with authentication verification.
Open toolEncrypt text with AES-256-GCM - the recommended encryption standard.
Open toolVisualize AES block-by-block encryption process.
Open toolEducational demonstration of AES-CBC mode - understand why AES-GCM is preferred.
Open toolVisualize how AES processes data through SubBytes, ShiftRows, and AddRoundKey.
Open toolEducational demonstration of AES-CTR (Counter) mode.
Open toolDecrypt AES-256-GCM ciphertext with authentication verification.
Open toolEncrypt plaintext with AES-256-GCM authenticated encryption - entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure AES-128, AES-192, or AES-256 keys.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure nonces for AES-GCM encryption.
Open toolInteractive Affine cipher — E(x) = (ax + b) mod 26.
Open toolHash passwords with Argon2id - the modern recommended password hashing algorithm.
Open toolConvert text to ASCII decimal codes and back, entirely in your browser.
Open toolInteractive Atbash cipher — A↔Z, B↔Y, C↔X, etc.
Open toolEncode and decode Base64 data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode Base64 data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode Base64URL data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode Base64URL data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolHash passwords with bcrypt - widely supported adaptive hashing.
Open toolConvert text to binary (0s and 1s) and back, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEducational demonstration of the Caesar cipher.
Open toolDecode and parse X.509 certificates with structured output.
Open toolCheck certificate expiration status and remaining validity.
Open toolCalculate SHA-1 and SHA-256 fingerprints of certificates.
Open toolDecode and analyze X.509 SSL/TLS certificates.
Open toolCalculate subnet details from CIDR notation (IPv4 and IPv6).
Open toolInteractive Columnar Transposition cipher — write in rows, read by key-ordered columns.
Open toolAnalyze Set-Cookie headers for security issues.
Open toolGenerate CORS headers.
Open toolBuild Content Security Policy headers interactively.
Open toolGenerate CSP headers from security presets.
Open toolDecode Certificate Signing Requests (CSRs).
Open toolGenerate Certificate Signing Requests with key pairs.
Open toolConvert DER-encoded certificates to PEM format.
Open toolEducational demonstration of classic Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
Open toolVisual walkthrough of Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
Open toolSee how digital signatures prove message authenticity with public/private key pairs.
Open toolFormat and validate DNS records (zone file format).
Open toolReference for DNS record types and their security implications.
Open toolDerive a shared secret using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman.
Open toolGenerate ECDSA P-256 key pairs for digital signatures.
Open toolCreate a digital signature with ECDSA.
Open toolVerify an ECDSA digital signature.
Open toolCalculate Shannon entropy and byte frequency distribution of any file.
Open toolAnalyze file extensions for trust level, expected MIME type, and security risks.
Open toolCompare a file's hash against an expected value or compare two files.
Open toolFull file integrity report: multiple hashes, entropy, and metadata — all in your browser.
Open toolCalculate the MD5 hash of a file. MD5 is legacy — use SHA-256 for security.
Open toolDetect a file's true MIME type from its magic bytes — don't trust the extension.
Open toolCalculate the SHA-256 hash of any file, entirely in your browser.
Open toolCalculate the SHA-3-256 hash of any file, entirely in your browser.
Open toolCalculate the SHA-512 hash of any file, entirely in your browser.
Open toolAnalyze file size in bytes, KB, MB, GB with detailed breakdown.
Open toolSee how a tiny change in input causes a completely different hash output.
Open toolVerify a hash checksum by comparing it against an expected value.
Open toolUnderstand the fundamental difference between hashing, encryption, and encoding.
Open toolEncode and decode Hex data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode Hex data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolSee how HMAC combines a secret key with hashing for authenticated messages.
Open toolGenerate an HMAC-SHA256 signature from a key and message, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate an HMAC-SHA512 signature from a key and message, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate Strict-Transport-Security headers.
Open toolEncode and decode HTML Entity data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode HTML Entity data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolQuick reference for HTTP status codes.
Open toolValidate IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
Open toolConvert IPv4 addresses between dotted, integer, hex, binary, and octal.
Open toolConvert between IPv4 addresses and their integer representations.
Open toolCalculate IPv4 ranges and summarize CIDR blocks.
Open toolCalculate IPv4 subnet details from IP and prefix.
Open toolConvert IPv6 addresses between compressed and expanded forms.
Open toolCalculate IPv6 subnet prefix and interface ID.
Open toolView and analyze JWT claims with explanations and security warnings.
Open toolDecode and inspect JSON Web Tokens (JWT) locally.
Open toolCheck if a JWT is expired or when it will expire.
Open toolDecode the header segment of a JSON Web Token.
Open toolDecode the payload segment of a JSON Web Token.
Open toolAnalyze JWT structure, algorithm, and format.
Open toolConvert between Unix timestamps and human-readable dates for JWT claims.
Open toolFormat MAC addresses in different notation styles.
Open toolGenerate random MAC addresses with configurable options.
Open toolGenerate a MD5 hash of any text, entirely in your browser. ⚠️ MD5 is a legacy algorithm and should NOT be used for modern security purposes (digital signatures, certificate validation, or password hashing). It is provided here for educational reference and legacy compatibility checking.
Open toolGenerate memorable passphrases from random words using theDiceware method.
Open toolCalculate the entropy (randomness) of a password in bits.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure random passwords with customizable options.
Open toolIdentify the format and algorithm of a password hash.
Open toolAnalyze password strength, entropy, and common weaknesses - entirely in your browser.
Open toolHash passwords with PBKDF2 - NIST-recommended key derivation.
Open toolDecode PEM-encoded certificates, keys, and CSRs.
Open toolEncode data to PEM format.
Open toolConvert PEM-encoded certificates to DER hex.
Open toolGenerate Permissions-Policy headers.
Open toolInteractive Playfair cipher — digraph substitution using a 5×5 grid.
Open toolLook up port numbers by name or number with security notes.
Open toolReference table of common network ports and protocols.
Open toolCheck if an IP address is private, public, or reserved.
Open toolExtract public key from X.509 certificate.
Open toolUnderstand how public and private keys work together in asymmetric cryptography.
Open toolInteractive Rail Fence cipher — write in zigzag, read by rows.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure random Base64 strings.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure random bytes displayed in multiple formats.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure random hex strings.
Open toolGenerate Referrer-Policy headers.
Open toolInteractive ROT13 cipher demonstration — a special case of the Caesar cipher.
Open toolSee RSA key generation, encryption, and decryption with small primes.
Open toolGenerate RSA-2048 or RSA-4096 key pairs for encryption or digital signatures.
Open toolDecrypt ciphertext with RSA-OAEP private key.
Open toolEncrypt plaintext with RSA-OAEP public key.
Open toolCreate a digital signature with RSA-PSS.
Open toolVerify an RSA-PSS digital signature.
Open toolSee how salting changes password hashes and defeats rainbow tables.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure random salts for password hashing.
Open toolHash passwords with scrypt - memory-hard key derivation.
Open toolGenerate secure Set-Cookie headers.
Open toolGenerate cryptographically secure random tokens for API keys, session IDs, and more.
Open toolAnalyze HTTP security headers for best practices.
Open toolGenerate a SHA-1 hash of any text, entirely in your browser. ⚠️ SHA-1 is a legacy algorithm and should NOT be used for modern security purposes (digital signatures, certificate validation, or password hashing). It is provided here for educational reference and legacy compatibility checking.
Open toolGenerate a SHA-224 hash of any text, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate a SHA-256 hash of any text, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate a SHA-384 hash of any text, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate a SHA3-256 hash of any text, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate a SHA3-512 hash of any text, entirely in your browser.
Open toolGenerate a SHA-512 hash of any text, entirely in your browser.
Open toolCheck SSL/TLS certificate status for any domain — issuer, expiry, and chain details.
Open toolGenerate high-entropy passwords that resist brute-force and dictionary attacks.
Open toolCalculate subnet details from CIDR notation.
Open toolConvert between subnet mask, CIDR prefix, and wildcard mask.
Open toolCompare symmetric and asymmetric encryption side by side.
Open toolConvert text to Unicode code points (U+XXXX) and back, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode URL data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolEncode and decode URL data, entirely in your browser.
Open toolAnalyze URLs for security issues.
Open toolInteractive Vigenère cipher — a polyalphabetic substitution cipher.
Open toolView detailed X.509 certificate information.
Open toolGGUF (GPT-Generated Unified Format) is the standard file format for storing quantized large language models locally. It…
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